India, Maharashtra, Mumbai
Mumbai
, N/A
Mumbai (Ingilishi: Marathi: [ˈmumbəi]; wanda kuma aka fi sani da Bombay, sunan hukuma har zuwa 1995) shi ne babban birnin jihar Maharashtra ta Indiya. A cewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, ya zuwa shekarar 2018, Mumbai ita ce birni na biyu mafi yawan jama'a a Indiya bayan Delhi kuma gari na bakwai mafi yawan jama'a a duniya tare da yawan jama'a miliyan 19.98. Kamar yadda yawan ƙididdigar gwamnatin Indiya ta 2011, Mumbai ta kasance birni mafi yawan jama'a a Indiya tare da ƙiyasin garin da ya dace da mutane miliyan 12.5 da ke zaune ƙarƙashin underungiyar Municipal ta Greater Mumbai. Mumbai ita ce cibiyar yankin Mumbai Metropolitan, yanki na shida mafi yawan jama'a a duniya tare da yawan mutane sama da miliyan 23.64. Mumbai tana gefen tekun Konkan a gabar yamma ta Indiya kuma tana da tashar jirgin ruwa mai zurfin gaske. A cikin 2008, an ambaci Mumbai da alpha a duniya. kuma yana da mafi yawan attajirai da attajirai a cikin dukkan biranen kasar Indiya. Mumbai gida ce ga wuraren tarihi na UNESCO guda uku: Elephanta Caves, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus, da kuma babban rukunin birni na gine-ginen Victorian da Art Deco. Tsibirai bakwai da suka kasance a Mumbai asalinsu gida ne ga al'ummomin Marathi masu magana da Koli, waɗanda samo asali a Gujarat a zamanin da. Shekaru aru aru, tsibiran suna karkashin ikon masarautu masu asali kafin a mika su ga daular Portugal sannan daga baya a hannun kamfanin East India lokacin a shekarar 1661 Charles II na Ingila ya auri Catherine na Braganza kuma a matsayin wani bangare na sadakinta Charles ya karbi tashar jiragen ruwa na Tangier da Tsibiran Bakwai na Bombay. A tsakiyar karni na 18, Bombay ya sake fasalin aikin Hornby Vellard, wanda ya aiwatar da sake farfado da yankin tsakanin tsibirai bakwai daga teku. Tare da gina manyan hanyoyi da titunan jirgin ƙasa, aikin sake gyarawa, wanda aka kammala a 1845, ya canza Bombay zuwa babbar tashar jirgin ruwa akan tekun Larabawa. Bombay a cikin karni na 19 ya kasance halin tattalin arziki da ci gaban ilimi. A farkon karni na 20 ya zama tushe mai karfi ga yunkurin 'yanci na Indiya. Bayan samun 'yancin kan Indiya a shekarar 1947 an sanya garin a cikin Bombay State. A cikin 1960, bayan Samyukta Maharashtra Movement, an kirkiro da sabuwar jihar Maharashtra tare da Bombay a matsayin babban birni.Mumbai ita ce babban birni na kuɗi, kasuwanci da nishaɗin Indiya. Hakanan yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin kasuwanci guda goma a duniya dangane da yawan kuɗaɗen duniya, yana samar da 6.16% na GDP na Indiya kuma yana ɗaukar 25% na fitowar masana'antu, 70% na kasuwancin teku a Indiya (Mumbai Port Trust da JNPT), kuma 70% na manyan ma'amaloli ga tattalin arzikin Indiya. Biliyoyin masu kudi a Mumbai suna da mafi yawan matsakaitan dukiya na kowane birni a duniya a cikin 2008. Garin yana da mahimman cibiyoyin kuɗi da kuma hedkwatar kamfanoni na yawancin kamfanonin Indiya da manyan kamfanoni na duniya. Hakanan gida ne ga wasu manyan cibiyoyin kimiyya da makaman nukiliya na Indiya. Hakanan garin yana dauke da masana'antar Hindi (Bollywood) ta Indiya da masana'antar silima ta Marathi. Samun damar kasuwancin Mumbai na jan hankalin bakin daga ko'ina cikin Indiya.Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/